Internal-combustion engine



.0. C. JANSSEN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Original Fil-ed June 28 Patented Sept. 9, 1924.

UNITED s'mrtzs ietwat yoscAn c. JANSSEN, or ST. Lotus, MISSOURI.

rNTnRNAL-cor/LBUSTION ENGINE. c v

Application med June 2s, 19177, Seriai'No. v177,463. v Renewed Fbary 7, 1924;

T0 all whom t may concern.:

Be it known that I, OSCAR C. JANSSEN, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of St. Louis,'State of Missouri,havc invented an Improvement in Internal-Combustion Engines, of which the following-description, in connectionwith the accompanying drawings, 1s a specification, like charac-` ters on the drawings representing likeparts.

This invention relates to internal combustion engines and more particularly tothe means for controlling the admissionV of fuel to the cylinder, and the( exhaust of `the waste gases therefrom. A V- One of the objects vof the invent-ion'is to provide such means for controlling the admission of fuel to the lcylinder and the exhaust ofl the'waste gases therefrom which shall be simple in "construction, e'tlicient in operation and may be produced at a relatively low cost.

The invention will-` best be understood by reference to the following descriptionv when taken in connection with the accompanying drawing of one specific embodiment of the invention, While the scope-of the invention willbe more particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 Ais a central Vsectional elevation taken through the upper portion of a cylinder of an engine embodying one illustrative form of the invention;

Figs 2, 3 and 4 are central sectional elevations similar to that in Fig. 1, showing the parts in different positions.

The cylinder illustrated has an outer wall 2 and an inner wall 4, forming? between them the water jacket 6. A piston not shown works wit-hin the cylinder chamber 8.

In the illustrative embodiment of the invention shown, themeans for controlling the admission of fuel to the cylinder and theexhaust of the waste gases therefrom is for convenience disposed centrally of the cylinder head, but' it will be apparent that it may be otherwise suitably located, Without departing from the spirit of the invention. To this end the cylinder head 10v is provided with va central cylindrical bore 'Y 12. Thev cylinder is providedwith an admission chamberv 14 extending around said bore 12 and adapted to communicate therewith by 'a pluralityof admission ports 16.4

Said cylinder is also provided with an ex'- haust chamber `18,' hereinv also extending about said bore 12 and adapted to communi-l portions 26 and'128 and an axial bore 30v `1n whichv is mountedfor sliding' movement a'sleeve 32 embracing'the stem 34 of Va puppet .valve diskv 36 and movable therewith."

The plug 32 with its extended portions 26 and 28 ythus forms an'I extended and effective bearing for the sleeve-32 ,and Stem 34 of the puppet valve`36.

within the bore 12 there is naad foi sin! PATEN T F LICEO., c

ing movement a cylindrical slide valve 38 havingv a central chamber 40pr'ovide'd with a circular opening 42, Fig.`2,'andadapted to communicate, by a plurality of lateral ports 44, with the admission ports v16 and the exhaust ports 20. Said-circularopening 42 is provided around Vits edgeV with the bevell'ed edge 48 of` a valve seat 46 for the'valve disk 36.

vFrom the construction described, it `will* admission yports 16l and vexhaust ports 20,

slide valve 38 withfthe interior' of the' cyl- `be seen that the slide lvalve 38 controlsthe inder, in the manner hereinafter more fullyf set forth.v

A Vhelical spring 5,0 ysurrounds the extension 26 of the plug 22, said spring having bearing at one end'withinan-annular recess 52 provided in the upper surface of the plug 22, and at its other end within"-v a cup-shaped disk 54 provided at the up-l i* per end of the sleeve 32 and here'n shown as integral with the latter.'V

Referring to the figures, it willbe noted that in the embodiment-of ythe'invention shown, the' bore "12, within which the slide valve y38 operate'rs, is not of uniform diam-v ioo eter throughout, that portion from the lower edge of the exhaust ports 2O` downwardly? being of'less diameter than the upper portion of Said bore, the lower "portion of the slide valve 38 being accordingly of a diameter to lit thelowerp'ortion ofv said bore 12, and the upper portion of said slide `valve being of a diameterf/to lit-the upper portionof said bore. n n f It will be noted by referencetothe ligures that the portion of the slide valve 38 ofl lesser diameter extends toa pointV slightly.

above the upper edge of the ports 44 provided in said slide, so that the annular shoulder 56 thus formed upon the outer wall of the slide valve is ,thus adapted to cooperate with the annular vshoulder 58 extended around the inner wall of the bore 12 to limit the movement of the ,slide valve 38 in one direction, that is to say when said valve, as will hereinafter be more fully described, is ina position in which it closes the exhaust ports 20, that portion 60 of the wall of the slide valve 38, in this position of the slide valve, extending beyond the lower edge `of the vexhaust ports ,20, thus lcovering said ports completely andv effecting a completeA closure thereof.

Packing rings 62 maypbeprovided in the outer wall of the` vslide'valve 38, if desired, to endersaid slide gas-tight.

AAny'suitable actuating means may be provided for the valve, which will actuate said valve in timed relation tothe movements of the piston, with reference to the admission,y compression, firing and exhaust, said means herein 4comprising a shaft 64 having a cam 66 thereon adapted to cooperate with the upper end of the lvalve stem 34.

It will be understood that this cam shaft may be driven through any suitable and usual connections from the crank shaft of the engine. i

The mannerin which the valve is actuated by its actuating means will be best understoodfrom the following description ofthe inode ofoperation of my invention.

In Fig. 1 the parts are shown in the position that they yoccupy immediately after the explosion has takenplace; It will be noted that lin this figure the admission kports 16 are closed by the slide valve 38, while the exhaust ports 2O are left open by the latter, said exhaustvports being in communication with the valve chamber'40 of said slide valve through the ports 44 of said slide valve, but that all communication of said valvechamber 40 with the interior of the cylinder is cut ofi' by the puppet valve 36 which is closed.

As the. shaft 64 and its cam 66 rotate in a contrafclockwise direction in the drawing, the proj ect-ingpart 68 of said cam acts upon the upper end of Ythe valve stem 34 and movesV said valve and the sleeve 32 down'- wardly against the act-ion of the spring 50 into the osition shown in Fig. 2. The positionoft e slidevalve 38 remains'the saine as in Fig. l, b-iit the valve 36'being open the exhaust chamber 18 is now in communication with the interior of the cylinder, the admission ports being closed, and the exhause gases will thus be exhausted from the cylinder upon the exhaust stroke of the piston, which now taires place.`

The shaft 64 'and its cam 66 continuing` to rotate in a contra-clockwise direction, the

high portion 70 of said cam now acts upon the upper end of the valve spindle '34 and moves said valve and sleeve 32 still further downwardly against the action of the spring 50. In this movement the lower end of the sleeve 32, acting uponthe upper surface 72 of the raised inner portion of the slide valve 38,- carries the latter downwardly iny to the position shown in Fig. 3, in which position it will be, noted thattlie exhaust ports are now closed by said slide valve,

while the admission ports are opened, they being in register'with the ports 44 'of saidslide vai-ive, and the admission chamber l14 being thus incommunication with the :in-` terior of the cylinder, as the puppet valve stem 34, thus enabling the spring 50 to 'raisev the sleeve 32 with thevalve stein 34 and valve 36 into the position shown in Fig. 4, to close said valve. The compression'Y stroke of the piston now takes; place, followed byi the explosion. The compression acts upon the lower surface of the vvalve 36 and raises said puppet valve and thev slide valve 38 yiiito the position shown iny Fig. l, before the Y explosion, which then follows, whereuponthe same cycle of operationsis ready tov berepeated.

it will be noted that in the enbodiment of the invention illustrated, theispringf()` seats the puppet valve 36 on its seat, but fis notl s'uiiiciently strong to Ythen raise theslide 38 into the position shown in Fig.v ll.

-ico

lt will be apparent, however, that this spring 50 could be made suiciently strong i to'rais'e the slide 38, instead'of-relying the force of thecompression to' do -this.

The valve construction embodyingY this invention possesses many advantages oveil` those heretofore used; The admission valve and exhaust valve are herein combined in an -iio extremely simple and eiiicient structure calll ing `for but few' parts, only one spring for example being required. It willbe notedtliat the incoiningmixture'is draw-'n infover the valve disk 36, thus tendiiigto cool the latter. disk, and consequently valve opening,fto be The use of a large valve lopeningenables the explosive mixture tube quickly draw-flint() the cylinder, but more paiticiilai'ly,"and` what is of still greater importance, a very rapid, free and coinp-lete'-yexhaust of 'the waste gases, whichineans a great `gain in-r eiiiciency, Apower and flexibility. It will all so be noted that 'but -arelativelyslight mover,- `f

This enables a much larger valve l-1-20 used, as the danger of; warping,`due tothe extreme heat', is thereby greatly reduced.V

ment of the valve members is required to open and close the ports, and as this movement is effected fby cams, it can be made to take place almost instantly, thus giving the advantage and benefit of a full opening.

of the port at the outside. The whole structure of the Valve members and ports makes for the most rapid and free exhaust.

As shown in Fig. l, the use of .this valve not only does not interfere with the use of` combustion the substantially spherical chamber which is considered the ideal one,

but fits perfectly into a combustion chami ber of that shape,

It will be apparent that the invention isl applicable to multiple cylinder engines by simply mutiplying the number of cams up-` firing, instead of a plurality, as in ,otherA constructions used. ,This greatly contributes to the prevention of leakage;`

It vwill be understood that the terms upper, lower, etc., as applied to the structure herein, are merely terms Iof distinction applied to the specific drawings hereto annexed to facilitate. a morev readv understanding of them and have no s-ignicance as applied to the generic principles of this invention, `various embodiments of which may be made, whereinthe relation of the parts thus referred to may be reversed or variously altered.

It will be understood that, while the invention is herein `described as embodied in the details illustrated, the invention is not to be considered as circumscribed b or limited to these details, or anyof them, but that the said details may be variously modified Within the true scope of the invention, which is dem'tely set forth inthe claims.

Claims:

l. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder provided centrally of its head with a bore; an admission chamber having admission ports communicating with said bore; an exhaust chamber having exhaust ports communicating with said bore; a slide valve mounted for sliding movement in said bore and provided with ports adapted to communicate with said admission ports and said exhaust ports, and in communication with an opening in said slide valve adapted to communicate with the interior of the cylinder; a plug closing the outer end of said bore; a puppet valve adapted to close the opening from the slide valve into the interior of the cylinder and having its vstem mounted for relative individual inward `or downward longitudinal movementv and joint lupward or outward movementinsaid slide valve and plug; and actuating mechanism, includinga spring and cam means, rfor actuating saidv slide'valve and puppet valve.

2. In an. internal combustion engine, a

cylinder provided with a bore; an admis-l Sion chamber having admission ports comL municating withsaid bore; anv exhaust chamber having exhaust ports 'communicat-V ing with said bore; a slide valve mounted r for sliding movement in said bore and prolvided with ports 'adapted to communicate 8.0 1

with said admission ports and said exhaust ports and in communication with an opening in vsaid slide valve adapted' to communicate withfthe interior of the cylinder; a i puppet valve adapted to 'close' the opening:

from said slide valve linto theinterior of the cylinder and actuate'the slidev valve; andv actuating mechanism for vsaid slide valve-and said puppet valve.-

3. In an internal combustionengine, a

cylinder having 'an admission portk to admit the explosive mixture into the cylinder, f

and an exhaust -port for lthe escape of the waste gases from -saidcylinder; a slide* valve provided with va -central opening` adapted to communicatel with the interiorv of thel cylinder, and with a'port communicate i ing with'said central opening and adapted to communicate with said exhaust port andi admission port; a valve member adapted to close said j central opening in the slide valve and actuate the latter; and actuatingmechanism for actuating said slide valve and valve member.

4. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder having an admission port for the admission of the explosive mixture to the interior ofthe cylinder and an exhaust port for the escape of the waste gases therefrom; v

a sleeve valve, the interior of which is adapted to communicate with the interior of they cylinder, and through a port in said slide valve with said exhaust port and admission port; a valve member Aactuating the slide valve and for controlling the communication of the interior of said slide valve with the interior of the cylinder; and ac-c, tuating means for saidslide valve and valve member.

5. ln an'internal vcombustion engine, a cylinder, a two diameter valve bore in the head thereof, inlet and exhaust ports in said bore, a two diameter slide valve to provide an offset closure for the exhaust port, and having a puppet valve seat, a puppet valve cooperating with and adapted `to seat on the slide valve to control both the admission of the fuel and the exhaust of the waste gases from the'cylinder, and means to o-perate said valves. v 6. In an internal combustion engine, a

cylinder `liavinzgfmi admission port and an,

exhaust port forY admitting the explo-sive mixture.- to said cylinder and the'I exhaust of the Waste gases therefrom, respectively;

plurality ol' valvesone of which seats upon the other for Controlling said exhaust port and admission port oo-operating jointly toeontrol both saidfadmission port Aand exhaust port; and operating means for` one 'if said valves and, through the agency thereof, for the other valve in one direction only;

In an vinternal combustion engine, a cylinder having an -admissionport and "'*fxhaust lport for admitting the explosive "ylinder having anfadmissionpport and an exhaust -poi't for Y admitting thev explosive mixture to :said cylinder 1 and the exhaust of the Waste gases therefrom, respectively; two ooncentrica-lly located valves, one seatedr open v the other and 3o-operating jointly to control looth vsaid admission port and isaid exhaust port; and operating means for said valves to actu-ate one through ythe agency of vthe -othe'r in one direction only.

and 'operating'- 9. Iii-an :internal combustion engine,1a e

Cylinder provided `With a y'bore Ahaving an admission port and'V an exhaust .eport for# the zadmission of the lexplosive mixture .to i andr the yexhaust of 'the Waste gases vfrom said cylinder, respectively tvvo concentrically located valves, one seated upon Athe other and operating in said bore and oooperating jointly to lcontrol both said admission port and said exhaust port; andv operating means for said valves to aotuate v one through ythe a-genoy ofthe other in one 'direction only. Y

l0. In. an internal combustion engine, a cylinder, a tivo diameter valve bore in the head, -inletan'd exhaustrpo'rts in said bore,

a cooling chamber'lthereabout, a two dia#v meter' slide valve With an. offset-V closurel forv the exhaust port, a. puppet valve seated thereon, inlet and exhaust 4ehamloers Within said cooling-chamber 'and having portsfleadf Y ing 'into the slide valve for oommunioatioi'i with the cylinder. L

l1. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder, a two .diameter valve bore in theI head, 'inlet and exhaust yports in said bore, `a

tivo'v -diameter'- sli-idey valve with an offset;`

Closure for the exhai'ist vportya .puppety valve lseated thereon, ihletand exhaust chambers having ports leading in'to `the slide valvel and communicating therethrough vvith vthe cylinder.

naine to thisspecilizeatione Y. i. -0SGAR C. JANSSEN.

In testimony Wher'eoff have `Asigned my 'Y 

